Diaphragm
vs
Vasectomy

A side-by-side comparison of two birth control methods — efficacy, cost, how they work, and who shouldn't use them.

Side-by-side comparison

Method
Diaphragm

Diaphragm

A reusable silicone dome that covers the cervix to block sperm, used with spermicide each time you have sex.
Vasectomy

Vasectomy

A permanent outpatient procedure that blocks the vas deferens so sperm cannot enter the semen.
Efficacy83% typical use

Least effective: under 90 out of 100 people successfully prevent pregnancy per year.

99.85% typical use

Most effective: over 99 out of 100 people successfully prevent pregnancy per year.

Cost$80–$200

Insurance: Usually

$0–$3,500

Insurance: Usually

DurationReusable for 1-2 years (replace every 1-2 years or sooner if damaged)Permanent
ReversibilityReversiblePermanent
STI ProtectionNoNo
How it works

A reusable silicone dome covers the cervix to block sperm from entering the uterus. Used with spermicide for added effectiveness.

A clinician cuts, seals, or blocks the vas deferens so sperm cannot mix with semen during ejaculation. The body absorbs the sperm, and the semen remains normal in appearance and volume.

PrescriptionRequired Prescription requiredOTC Procedure (in-person)
Available Products2 productsNo branded products yet
Side effects
  • Increased risk of urinary tract infection
  • Vaginal irritation from spermicide
  • Discomfort if not fitted correctly
  • Mild pain or swelling for a few days
  • Bruising or bleeding at the site
  • Sperm granuloma (small lump, usually harmless)
  • Chronic post-vasectomy pain syndrome (rare, 1-2%)
Who shouldn't use this
  • Uterine or cervical anomaly preventing fit
  • Sensitivity to silicone or spermicide
  • Inability to insert or remove reliably
  • Uncertainty about future fertility desires
  • Active local or systemic infection
  • Bleeding disorder