FDA ClearedBarrier Method

Diaphragm

A reusable silicone dome that covers the cervix to block sperm, used with spermicide each time you have sex.

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Last verified Updated Sources

Diaphragm (Barrier Method)

Method facts

Diaphragm
Effectiveness
83% typical use84% with perfect use
How long it lasts
Reusable for up to 2 years (replace sooner if damaged)
Reversibility
Reversible
STI protection
No
How you get it
Hybrid (Fitting or Ship) · Prescription required
Cost
$0–$250Insurance coverage: Usually
Status
FDA Cleared

How well it works

83 out of 100 people successfully prevent pregnancy in a year. Typical use effectiveness rate.

Least effective: under 90 out of 100 people successfully prevent pregnancy per year.

How was this measured?

First-year failure rates are 17% with typical use and 16% with perfect use, so diaphragms are 83% and 84% effective.

Research source: Guttmacher Institute Contraceptive Effectiveness / Contraceptive Technology 21st ed.

The details

What the evidence says

How well it works, what to watch for, who should avoid it, and the studies behind it.

How it works in the body

A reusable silicone dome covers the cervix to block sperm from reaching an egg. Used with spermicide for added effectiveness.

Side effects

  • Increased risk of urinary tract infection
  • Vaginal irritation from spermicide
  • Toxic shock syndrome risk (rare)

Who shouldn't use this

Talk to a clinician first if any of these apply

  • Uterine or cervical anomaly preventing fitA uterus or cervix with an unusual shape or structure, such as a distorted uterine cavity
  • Sensitivity to silicone or spermicideAn allergy or sensitivity to a material used in a device or barrier
  • Inability to insert or remove reliablyNot being able to use the method correctly and consistently
  • History of toxic shock syndromeHaving had toxic shock syndrome, a serious and potentially life-threatening illness caused by a bacterial toxin. It has been reported with contraceptive sponge and diaphragm use.
  • High risk of HIV exposure (because of the spermicide)Repeated, high-dose use of the spermicide nonoxynol-9 is linked to genital lesions, which might increase the risk of HIV infection

Clinical guidelines

Cost and insurance

Planned Parenthood estimates $0 to about $250 as of October 2026, including the exam, fitting, and diaphragm. Marketplace plans must cover FDA-approved contraception, including diaphragms, without a copayment. Spermicide costs about $5-15 a kit.

Insurance coverageUsually

What to know about Diaphragm

How to use it

The diaphragm is a reusable silicone dome that covers the cervix to block sperm. You apply spermicide inside the dome before inserting it, then leave it in place for at least six hours after sex.

How well it works

Diaphragms are less effective than long-acting methods like IUDs, but they give you control over when you use contraception and have no hormones. With typical use, they are about 83% effective.

Where to get it

You need a prescription. Most diaphragms come in different sizes, so a clinician fits you for one. A contoured, one-size-fits-most silicone diaphragm does not need a custom fitting, and you can get a prescription for it through telehealth and have it shipped to you. Check our provider directory for clinics near you that offer diaphragm fittings.

1 product in this category

Specific branded items that use this method. Compare manufacturer details, active ingredients, and regulatory status.

Frequently asked questions

Sources (12)
  1. Research source: Guttmacher Institute Contraceptive Effectiveness / Contraceptive Technology 21st ed.
  2. Clinical guideline: CDC U.S. MEC barrier methods
  3. Research source: FDA 510(k) K140305 — Caya contoured diaphragm clearance
  4. Research source: Planned Parenthood — Diaphragm
  5. Research source: Planned Parenthood — How effective are diaphragms?
  6. Research source: Planned Parenthood — How do I use a diaphragm?
  7. Research source: Planned Parenthood — How do I get a diaphragm?
  8. Research source: Planned Parenthood — How safe is the diaphragm?
  9. Research source: Planned Parenthood — What are the benefits of diaphragms?
  10. Research source: Caya US — prescription and telehealth access
  11. Research source: Caya US — Get Caya (fitting and insurance)
  12. Clinical guideline: HealthCare.gov — Birth control benefits

How we verify

Providers

358 providers offering diaphragm

Clinics and telehealth services in our directory that offer this method.

See all diaphragm providers

Planned Parenthood - Park Hill Health Center

Denver, CO 80207

Family Planning Clinic

In-Person Medicaid
Website (303) 321-2458

Planned Parenthood - White Plains Center

White Plains, NY 10607

Family Planning Clinic

Hybrid Medicaid
Website (914) 761-6566

Planned Parenthood - Buffalo Health Center

Buffalo, NY 14214

Family Planning Clinic

Hybrid Medicaid
Website (866) 600-6886

Planned Parenthood - Euclid Avenue Francis Torbert Center

San Diego, CA 92114

Family Planning Clinic

In-Person Medicaid
Website (888) 743-7526