Breastfeeding Birth Control
vs
Spermicide

A side-by-side comparison of two birth control methods — efficacy, cost, how they work, and who shouldn't use them.

Side-by-side comparison

Method
Breastfeeding Birth Control

Breastfeeding Birth Control

A natural postpartum method (lactational amenorrhea method, LAM) that relies on exclusive breastfeeding to suppress ovulation, effective for up to 6 months.
Spermicide

Spermicide

A chemical gel, foam, or film inserted into the vagina before sex to disable sperm, available over the counter.
Efficacy98% typical use

Moderately effective: over 90 out of 100 people successfully prevent pregnancy per year.

79% typical use

Least effective: under 90 out of 100 people successfully prevent pregnancy per year.

Cost$0–$300

Insurance: Varies

$1–$3 /per unit

Insurance: Varies

DurationUp to 6 months postpartumSingle use (effective for 1 hour; duration varies by formulation, check product label)
ReversibilityReversibleReversible
STI ProtectionNoNo
How it works

Exclusive breastfeeding suppresses the hormones that trigger ovulation. High prolactin from frequent nursing keeps estrogen and progesterone low, preventing the return of menstrual cycles.

A chemical (usually nonoxynol-9) immobilizes or kills sperm on contact. Inserted into the vagina before sex.

PrescriptionOTC No prescription / OTCOTC Over-the-counter
Available ProductsNo branded products yet2 products
Side effectsNone reported
  • Vaginal or penile irritation
  • Increased risk of UTI
  • Allergic reaction (rare)
Who shouldn't use this
  • Baby over 6 months old
  • Periods have returned
  • Not exclusively or nearly exclusively breastfeeding
  • Use of supplemental formula or solid foods
  • Sensitivity to nonoxynol-9
  • Active vaginal irritation or infection
  • High risk of HIV exposure (frequent use may increase transmission risk)