Cervical Cap
vs
Female Sterilization

A side-by-side comparison of two birth control methods — efficacy, cost, how they work, and who shouldn't use them.

Side-by-side comparison

Method
Cervical Cap

Cervical Cap

A small silicone cap that fits over the cervix by suction, used with spermicide before sex.
Female Sterilization

Female Sterilization

A permanent surgical procedure that blocks or removes the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy.
EfficacyLeast effective see details

Least effective: under 90 out of 100 people successfully prevent pregnancy per year.

99.5% typical use

Most effective: over 99 out of 100 people successfully prevent pregnancy per year.

Cost$90–$120

Insurance: Usually

$0–$6,000

Insurance: Usually

DurationReusable for 2 years (replace every 2 years or sooner if damaged)Permanent
ReversibilityReversiblePermanent
STI ProtectionNoNo
How it works

A small silicone cap fits snugly over the cervix and stays in place by suction, blocking sperm from entering the uterus. Used with spermicide inside the cap.

Surgical disruption (clipping, banding, cauterization, or complete removal) of the fallopian tubes prevents eggs from reaching the uterus and sperm from reaching the egg.

PrescriptionRequired Prescription requiredRequired Prescription required
Available Products1 product2 products
Side effects
  • Vaginal irritation from spermicide
  • Discomfort if not fitted correctly
  • Unusual vaginal discharge if left in too long
  • Surgical risks (bleeding, infection, organ damage)
  • Anesthesia side effects
  • Ectopic pregnancy (small but serious risk if failure occurs)
Who shouldn't use this
  • Cervical anomaly preventing fit
  • Active pelvic infection
  • Sensitivity to silicone or spermicide
  • Inability to insert or remove reliably
  • Medical instability for general anesthesia or laparoscopy
  • Uncertainty about future fertility desires